Appendix 2. Seven sub-roles of group building and maintenance role behaviors

Sub-role behavior Role function and example
Harmonizer Relives tension, mediates disputes, and reconciles disagreements. (e.g., What do you mean by that, financial manager? (all laugh))
Compromiser Finds common ground, gives individual opinions and accommodates to other members’ desires. Consequently, the compromiser seeks a middle-ground solution. (e.g., But anyway we will do something.)
Gatekeeper Expedites and keeps communication channels open to ensure all people have a chance to express ideas and feelings. (e.g., Jay, what is your opinion? So shall we ask our personnel department to, to, eh, consider the....)
Follower Accepts others’ ideas and serves as audience. (e.g., OK. We accept your explanation. OK. I concurred with your viewpoints.)
Encourager Helps quiet group member to make his or her point by establishing a supportive and encouraging climate. (e.g., Yes, I also think so. Yeah. Intention, I think, is good.)
Confirmer Confirms / repeats the points made by other members to ensure his understanding is correct. (e.g., 40, 40, and 46, yes, right?)
Response giver Taking the role of being responsive (BR) respond actively to member’s opinion to show appreciation or understanding. (e.g., Yes, OK, I see...; Ok, thank you; thank you Mr. So and So. The pricing policy has been agreed, eh, the employment has been agreed.)