Table 3. Results of structural model and hypothesis testing

Hypotheses and path Path coefficient p-value Test result
H1a ENT → BAW 0.211 < .001 Supported
H1b INT → BAW 0.274 < .001 Supported
H1c CUS → BAW 0.193 < .001 Supported
H1d TRE → BAW 0.071 0.147 Rejected
H1e INF → BAW 0.157 0.003 Supported
H2a ENT → BIM 0.188 0.004 Supported
H2b INT → BIM 0.287 < .001 Supported
H2c CUS → BIM 0.281 < .001 Supported
H2d TRE → BIM –0.094 0.147 Rejected
H2e INF → BIM 0.105 0.095 Supported
H3 BAW → BAT 0.316 < .001 Supported
H4 BIM → BAT 0.570 < .001 Supported
H5 BAT → WOM 0.751 < .001 Supported
H6 BAT → PU 0.753 < .001 Supported
Note. ENT, entertainment; INT, interaction; CUS, customization; TRE, trendiness; INF, informativity; BAW, brand awareness; BIM, brand image; BAT, brand attitude; WOM, word of mouth; PU, purchase.